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Emission factor specification

Retrieved 2026-08-25

Air Travel

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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Emission factor
0.137296
kgCO₂e/passenger-mile
Data grade
Secondary
Edition
—
Source
US EPA
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Source: CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions data for highway vehicles are from Table 2-13 of the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2015. Vehicle-miles and passenger-miles data for highway vehicles are from Table VM-1 of the Federal Highway Administration Highway Statistics 2015. Fuel consumption data and passenger-miles data for rail are from Tables A.14 to A.16 and 9.10 to 9.12 of the Transportation Energy Data Book: Edition 35. Fuel consumption was converted to emissions by using fuel and electricity emission factors presented in the tables above. Air Travel factors from 2017 Guidelines to Defra / DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. Version 1.0 August 2017. " "Notes: A Passenger car: includes passenger cars, minivans, SUVs, and small pickup trucks (vehicles with wheelbase less than 121 inches). B Light-duty truck: includes full-size pickup trucks, full-size vans, and extended-length SUVs (vehicles with wheelbase greater than 121 inches). C Intercity rail: long-distance rail between major cities, such as Amtrak D Commuter rail: rail service between a central city and adjacent suburbs (also called regional rail or suburban rail) E Transit rail: rail typically within an urban center, such as subways, elevated railways, metropolitan railways (metro), streetcars, trolley cars, and tramways.

1Factor specification

Values are per kgCO₂e/passenger-mile

Product
Air Travel
Activity name (original)
Air Travel - Medium Haul (>= 300 miles, < 2300 miles)
Factor value
0.137296 kgCO₂e/passenger-mile
Unit basis
passenger-mile
GWP
AR4
Calculation approach
AR4 GWP100
Method
Activity-Specific Tank-to-Wheel (TTW)
Data period
2017
Year published
2018
Region
USA · USA
Dataset edition
2018

2Where it sits in the industry spread

56.0% of 61 · larger than the median

US EPA · 단위 passenger-mileMiddle 50% band
0.0230545Median 0.1322670.227236

Compared against 61 factors in the same unit (passenger-mile). Product families may be mixed, so treat it as indicative only. Measuring concrete and steel sheet with the same ruler says little.

3Breakdown by gas

4 items provided by the source

CO₂e total
0.137296
CO₂
0.136
CH₄
0.000015
N₂O
0.0012814

4Factors to compare

0 under the same product · 6 with a similar value

Product · manufacturerRelationEditionFactor (kgCO₂e/passenger-mile)vs this factor
Commuter Rail · U.S. Environmental Protection AgencySimilar value—0.136077▼ 0.9%
Commuter Rail · U.S. Environmental Protection AgencySimilar value—0.140114▲ 2.1%
Commuter Rail · U.S. Environmental Protection AgencySimilar value—0.134298▼ 2.2%
Commuter Rail · U.S. Environmental Protection AgencySimilar value—0.133983▼ 2.4%
Intercity Rail · U.S. Environmental Protection AgencySimilar value—0.141141▲ 2.8%
Commuter Rail · U.S. Environmental Protection AgencySimilar value—0.144162▲ 5.0%

Notes

  1. 1)The value is as published by US EPA; we do not alter it. EPA Emission Factors Hub
  2. 2)Factor values in the table are unified to kgCO₂e for comparison. The original unit is in "Factor specification".
  3. 3)Even with several editions the value often stays the same. "Checked and unchanged" is an answer too.
  4. 4)One of 13,844 factors from public sources. ecoinvent, EXIOBASE and IEA factors bar redistribution, so they aren't here. See why
Source: US EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency), Dataset edition 2018, retrieved 2026-08-25. View original